Electricity: domestically produced at hydropower and thermal power plants. To cover existing shortages of electricity, significant amounts are imported through government funded and international assistance.

Natural gas: There is very little domestic production of natural gas. Most natural gas is imported from Russia. There is, at present, a significant shortage of natural gas in FRY (excluding Kosovo).

Spare parts, equipment: Spare parts to rehabilitate the electricity production and transmission systems include such items as circuit breakers, generator breakers, protection and measurement equipment.

Mazut and diesel: domestically produced by refining crude oil at local oil refineries and also imported through international assistance, used for heating, power plant supplemental fuel and as fuel for agricultural equipment.

Humanitarian: food distributed, mainly by WFP, ICRC and a few NGOs (in Montenegro), to 3 large groups of people: most vulnerable refugees, vulnerable IDPs and social cases with very low and irregular social welfare payments.

Market stabilisation: provision of food items (edible oil and sugar) that are short in the market in order to prevent excessive price increase

Agricultural assistance: distribution of agricultural inputs (seeds, fertiliser and animal feed) to vulnerable rural farmers, technical strengthening of women and farmers association and seed multiplication of basic crops (fuels considered under energy needs)

Soup Kitchen: ICRC programme providing one hot meal a day to a large number of IDPs, refugees and social cases.

Medicines: essential drugs for primary care, life-saving treatment and specific groups of patients- purchased as much as possible on the local market to support the local pharmaceutical industry.

Medical consumables: consumable material needed for diagnostic and treatment procedures essential for basic primary and secondary health care (laboratory reagents, X-ray material, dressing material, surgical consumables, syringes and needles, bandages, etc).

Maintenance of medical equipment/facilities and basic repairs: maintenance of medical equipment, for which no major maintenance/investments have been made in the last decade including running costs such as electricity and water, essential repairs of equipment, water and sanitation installation in hospitals/health centres.

Food for patients: two meals a day (one cold and one cooked) for hospital patients ( with the current food prices, estimated at 0.91 US$ per patient per day).

Public Health/Environment: environmental clean-up of high priorities sites where water/soil have been contaminated by EDC/Mercury, etc.

Basic repairs: urgent needs of primary and secondary schools for infrastructure repairs (buildings, electrical and heating installation, roofs)

Sanitation: urgent repairs in water supply and toilet facilities

Supplies + equipment (pre-school and primary schools): provision of basic school supplies, textbooks and clothes to minority groups, school furniture and teaching aids to school most affected by increased student load.

School meals (Serbia): project of the Ministry of Education to set up school kitchens to provide snacks to pupils in primary schools in Serbia (cost estimated at 1.33 DM/pupil during the next 6 months)

Winterisation: provision of heating fuel and thermal insulation of schools (within the winterisation programme)

Family allowance: entitlement for families without any means of supporting themselves and families with low income (whose total income is lower than the defined percentage of an average monthly net wage in a given municipality in the previous quarter)

Sickness/nursing allowance: entitlement for persons with serious ailments and invalids who require help of other persons for their elementary needs

Placement and training: training for children and young people with disabilities and development impediments, as well as invalid adults, to help them become gainfully employed . Placement of children without parental care, children whose development has been impeded due to family circumstances, children with mental development disorders, children with behavioral disorders, pregnant women and single mothers with children up to the age of nine months, provided that they have no other means of supporting themselves; invalid adults and other persons incapable of organizing life on their own; old people and materially deprived persons.

Child allowance and benefits: is paid for each child attending school full time, up to the age of 19 at the latest. The size of the allowance is determined on the basis of an average net wage. Layette Allowance is a one time financial support.

Maternity benefit and leave: in Serbia, maternity leave lasts one year for the first, second, fourth and all subsequent children, and for the third child the maternity leave lasts two years. The maternity benefit is designed to provide financial support to unemployed new mothers. New mothers are entitled to this benefit for the duration of one year.

Pensions: three retirement funds are covered, employment fund, self-employment fund and the farmers fund having a total of about 1.5 million participants, who receive monthly benefits.

Unemployment: covers benefits to all registered unemployed, which amounts to only 48,000.

Others: various support to social welfare institutions

Durable solutions: voluntary repatriation, resettlement in third countries, local settlement (i.e. local integration programmes such as income generating and micro-credit projects)

Relief assistance: care of vulnerable refugees and IDPs (distribution of fresh food items and non-food items such as hygienic parcels) and material assistance to collective centers, + legal assistance and protection of refugees and IDPs.

Winter assistance/shelter: distribution of non-food items, clothing, blankets, heating (coal, fuel, etc.), hygiene items, cash for shelter, minor repairs of houses of host families, done mainly by NGOs.

Next:
Annex 3 - FRY’s Energy Sector in Winter 2000-2001 (December 1, 2000)